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People with congenital LQTS have a genetic mutation that affects sodium or potassium channels in the heart. Sodium and potassium help generate electricity inside the cells.
Children may be diagnosed in infancy or later, either because they go through an episode of seizures or cardiac arrest, or because of family members known to have the mutation. Babies have even been diagnosed in utero. Boys are more likely than girls to have a dangerous cardiac episode from LQTS by age On the other hand, there are people whose family members have LQTS and who share the genetic mutation, but never have symptoms themselves.
Anyone diagnosed with congenital LQTS should inform family members so they can be tested. Acquired long QT syndrome is the result of conditions, medications or events that prolong the QT interval. It is more common in women than men. Sometimes the symptoms are caused by not one but several triggers — for example, a genetic mutation combined with a medication that prolongs the QT interval.
A history of heart disease, including heart failure, heart attack, left ventricular hypertrophy or bradycardia. A wide variety of drugs may lengthen the QT interval. If you have been diagnosed with LQTS, consult your physician about which drugs put you at risk. The most common types of drugs are:. Rarely, grapefruit juice may increase the risk of a dangerous cardiac event when combined with a triggering drug.
Other tests provide monitoring at home as you follow your daily routine. The QTc is considered prolonged if greater than ms in males and ms in females. Enlarge Prolongation of the QT interval can result from multiple medications, electrolyte abnormalities — hypocalcemia , hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia — and certain disease states including intracranial hemorrhage.
Back to Healio. ECG Basics Save. QT Interval The QT interval is the time from the beginning of the QRS complex, representing ventricular depolarization, to the end of the T wave, resulting from ventricular repolarization.
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