Minor symptoms include irritation, but someone with a more severe case may have inflammation with discharge. Experts have linked trichomoniasis with complications during pregnancy, including:. At least one study suggests that there may also be a link between trich and human papillomavirus HPV , the virus that causes cervical cancer. More research is necessary, however, to clarify the association.
Scientists believe that this increased risk could be due to:. To diagnose a trichomoniasis infection , a doctor will:. The results of a lab test will come back in about a week. Women should aim to schedule the appointment for a time when they are unlikely to be menstruating. Before the appointment, they should avoid using deodorant on the vulva, as this masks odor and can cause irritation.
The doctor may also advise them to avoid vaginal intercourse or inserting any object, including tampons, into the vagina for 24—48 hours beforehand. A Pap smear test does not check for trich. If a person has a clear Pap test , they may still have trich or another STI. Trich is easy to treat in males and females , including during pregnancy. Treatment usually involves taking a single dose of an antibiotic by mouth. A doctor may also prescribe a vaginal suppository or a cream to apply topically.
Antibiotic medications that kill parasites include metronidazole Flagyl and tinidazole Tindamax. People should not consume alcohol while taking metronidazole, as there may be an adverse reaction, which can lead to abdominal cramps, nausea, headaches, and flushing. If symptoms continue after taking the treatment, a person should go back to see their doctor again. Metronidazole is safe to use, but a doctor may suggest waiting 12—24 hours after taking it before breastfeeding.
A condom can prevent transmission to some extent, but it is not fully reliable because the parasite can pass from person to person on areas of the body that it does not cover. It spreads easily and can lead to complications, but effective treatment is available. Hepatitis B testing kits are available online and may provide fast results. Learn about how they work and some of the best options here. Bacterial vaginosis BV medication is typically oral or topical gel or ointment antibiotics.
A doctor may recommend BV medication in serious cases. Trichomoniasis treatment usually involves taking the antibiotic metronidazole. Learn more about causes, testing, and other treatment options here. A range of trichomoniasis tests is available, including at-home options. You can reduce your risk of infection by using condoms correctly every time you have sex. Many women and most men with trichomoniasis have no symptoms, at least not at first. Trichomoniasis signs and symptoms for women include:.
Trichomoniasis rarely causes symptoms in men. When men do have signs and symptoms, however, they might include:. See your doctor if you have a foul-smelling vaginal discharge or if you have pain with urination or sexual intercourse. Trichomoniasis is caused by a one-celled protozoan, a type of tiny parasite that travels between people during sexual intercourse. The incubation period between exposure and infection is unknown, but it's thought to range from four to 28 days.
As with other sexually transmitted infections, the only way to prevent trichomoniasis is to abstain from sex. To lower your risk, use condoms correctly every time you have sex. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products.
Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter.
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